Holding Captain Cook's Voyages in Your Hands

A few weeks back, I made a fortunate discovery.  The Avenue Victor Hugo bookshop (https://avenuevictorhugobooks.com/about/), for decades an icon of Boston literati, had relocated to Lee, New Hampshire, a rural enclave just south of my town, Newmarket. So, this is now where I spend an hour or so every Saturday.  And, two weeks ago, I was delighted to find a compact, travel-size version of Cook’s Voyages (publicized by a number of mariners and writers, including clergyman/author, Andrew Kipis).  

What came into my hands was a Kipis.  First published in 1788 in London, my edition was published in Boston on the 40^thanniversary in 1828.  On the inside cover, several inscriptions remain visible, including one past owner who boldly states “Property of….”.  It is a well-thumbed copy, with watermarks throughout.  Did it accompany a mariner on a voyage, much the way a Delano or Fanning brought earlier texts on board with them?  There were other indications that this was a ‘traveler’s copy’--the very small type and engravings; the simple binding with no title on the spine, and its modest size that fits easily into a palm or pocket.

What worked in 1828 works today.   Having a resource like this small volume on my bookshelf adds immensely to my writing. In moments of forced idleness—afterschool pick-up, awaiting an appointment—I can peruse random pages of Cook’s narrative for my forthcoming book,Eastward of Good Hope: Early America in a Dangerous World(Johns Hopkins University Press).   I had the opportunity include some Cook material in my last book for JHUP True Yankees: The South Seas and the Discovery of American Identity (https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/title/true-yankees), published in 2014, and look forward to incorporating more into the upcoming text. 

Early America in a Dangerous World

            

Dennis Malone Carter, Decatur Boarding the Tripolitan Gunboat, 1878

US Navy Museum

Following up a wonderful collaboration with Johns Hopkins University Press on

 True Yankees: The South Seas and the Discovery of American Identity, I am delighted to work with JHUP again to publish “Eastward of Good Hope”: Early America in a Dangerous World (forthcoming 2019).  A preview:

            In the autumn of 1806, American newspapers were filled with the horrific news of the loss of the ship Essex.  This was not the famous, ill-fated barque that had been “stove by a whale” in 1820, later transformed into an American icon through the pen of Herman Melville.  The reports of this Essex, a merchant ship out of Salem, Massachusetts, was, in fact, more lurid and terrifying:

News is received here that Captain Joseph Orne in the ship Essex had arrived at Mocha, with $60,000 to purchase coffee, and that Mahomet Ikle, commander of an armed ship, persuaded him to trade at Hadidido, and to take on board 30 of his Arabs to help navigate her thither while his vessel kept her company; that on the approach of night, and at a concerted signal, the Arabs attacked the crew of the Essex, . . .  and that the result was the slaughter of Captain Orne, and all his men,. . .   The headless corpse of Capt. Orne and the mutilated remains of a merchant floated on shore and were decently buried.  It was soon after ascertained that the

faithless Mahomet was a notorious pirate of that country. 

            It would have been difficult for Americans in the early republic to escape this tragedy and the thousands of similar reports from around the globe that depicted the world beyond their shores in such dire terms.  News of similar assaults on their countrymen aboard the Boston off Nootka Sound in 1803, the Putnam in 1805, and the Friendship off Sumatra in 1831, the murders of Captain James Cook in 1779 and the men of the US Exploring Expedition in the South Seas in the 1830s, the loss of explorers and traders Joseph Ingraham and the mysterious disappearances of the US Navy sloop Wasp (9 October 1814) and countless other Yankee vessels, the loss of men such as Samuel Shaw and William Henry Low to “tropical fever” assaulted American readers.  Even before stepping onto a global stage in the 1780s, Americans had imagined the world as disordered and dangerous, hobbled by tyranny and oppression or steeped in chaos and anarchy, often deadly, always uncertain, unpredictable, and unstable, and their encounters after independence reinforced their assumptions. As historians assert, “seasons of misery” confronted early Americans in their “barbarous years” and particularly in distant lands among “dangerous neighbors.” This vision of the world, more than anything else, shaped Americans’ ideas of their place in the world. It has been a view shared by Puritans who carried a reformist sense of “a city upon a hill” to American shores, Yankee voyagers who freighted a mission of bringing order to a world that they found “in a constant state of flux” in the early republic, and the many Americans today alarmed by the torrent of news of foreign wars, terrorism, massacres, and refugee crises.

True Yankees: 2015 Americana Lecture, 22 November

Please join me for a talk about “True Yankees” at the annual

Americana Lecture

Hamilton Hall, Salem Massachusetts

Sunday 22 November 3:00 pm

Proceeds support this important 1805 Samuel McIntire designed National Historic Landmark.

For further information, see

http://www.hamiltonhall.org/americana.php

For purchase information, see
https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/content/true-yankees

True Yankees: The South Seas and the Discovery of American Identity

 Dane A. Morrison

Johns Hopkins University Press

Available Autumn 2014

            During the years between the Treaty of Paris (1783) and the Treaty of Wangxi (1844), American travelers and expatriates first voyaged “eastward of Good Hope,” from the ports of Algiers to the bazaars of Arabia, from the markets of India to the beaches of Sumatra, from the villages of Cochin China to the factories of Canton.  Their “voyages of commerce and discovery” introduced the new nation to the world and the world to what the Chinese and other called the “new people.”  True Yankees explores these early American encounters in the South Seas and the ways in which their first contacts with the East influenced the construction of a national identity. 

Fan, depicting the Empress of China at Whampoa Reach, c.1785
Courtesy, Atwater Kent, Philadelphia

            The book traces America’s earliest global engagements through the voyages of five Yankee travelers. Merchant Samuel Shaw spent a decade in Asia, 1784-1794, scouring the marts of China and India for goods that would captivate the imaginations of his countrymen, dying suddenly of tropical fever off the Cape of Good Hope. Mariner Amasa Delano toured much of the Pacific as an explorer and seal hunter in the 1790s and early 1800s. Edmund Fanning circumnavigated the globe as another sealer, explorer, and trader, touching at various Pacific and Indian Ocean ports-of-call well into the 1830s. Harriett Low was a reluctant twenty-year-old when she accompanied her merchant uncle and ailing aunt to Macao, residing there between 1829 and 1834 and recording her observations of expatriate life. Merchant Robert Bennet Forbes’s last sojourn in Canton, 1838-1839, coincided with the eruption of the First Opium War.  

     

            This examination of the Indies Trade demonstrates how the global encounters of ordinary mariners and merchants, coming at the moment of the nation’s emergence, influenced the ways in which Americans thought of themselves and represented their ideas about an emergent American national character—the “true Yankee.”